MISSISSIPPI LEGISLATURE
2019 Regular Session
To: Drug Policy
By: Representative Clark
AN ACT TO BE KNOWN AS THE "MISSISSIPPI TOBACCO MINIMUM LEGAL SALE AGE OF 21 ACT"; TO MAKE CERTAIN LEGISLATIVE FINDINGS REGARDING THE EFFECTS OF TOBACCO USE BY MINORS; TO DEFINE CERTAIN TERMS; TO PROHIBIT THE SALE OR DISTRIBUTION OF TOBACCO PRODUCTS TO PERSONS UNDER THE AGE OF 21; TO REQUIRE DISTRIBUTORS TO VERIFY THE AGE OF THE RECIPIENTS BEFORE DISTRIBUTING ANY TOBACCO PRODUCT; TO REQUIRE TOBACCO SELLERS TO POST SIGNS ABOUT THE AGE RESTRICTION ON TOBACCO SALES; TO AUTHORIZE THE STATE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH TO CONDUCT RANDOM, UNANNOUNCED INSPECTIONS TO TEST AND ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH THIS ACT; TO PROVIDE FOR PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS OF THIS ACT; TO PROVIDE FOR CERTAIN EXCEPTIONS AND DEFENSES; TO AMEND SECTIONS 97-32-5, 97-32-7, 97-32-9, 97-32-11, 97-32-13, 97-32-15, 97-32-21, 97-32-27 AND 97-32-51, MISSISSIPPI CODE OF 1972, TO CONFORM TO THE PRECEDING PROVISIONS; AND FOR RELATED PURPOSES.
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF MISSISSIPPI:
SECTION 1. Short title. This act shall be known and may be cited as the "Mississippi Tobacco Minimum Legal Sale Age of 21 Act."
SECTION 2. Findings of fact and purpose. (1) The Legislature makes the following findings:
(a) The State of Mississippi recognizes that the use of tobacco products has devastating health and economic consequences;
(b) Tobacco use is the foremost preventable cause of premature death in America. It causes half a million deaths annually and has been responsible for 20.8 million premature deaths in the United States over the past fifty (50) years since the first Surgeon General's report on smoking in 1964. This leads to more than $300 billion in health care and lost worker productivity costs each year;
(c) Young people are particularly susceptible to the addictive properties of tobacco products and are particularly likely to become lifelong users;
(d) An estimated 5.6 million youth aged zero (0) to seventeen (17) are projected to die prematurely from a tobacco-related illness if prevalence rates do not change;
(e) National data show that ninety-five percent (95%) of adult smokers begin smoking before they turn twenty-one (21). The ages of eighteen (18) to twenty-one (21) are a critical period when many smokers move from experimental smoking to regular, daily use;
(f) Young minds are particularly susceptible to the addictive properties of nicotine. Tobacco industry documents show that those who start smoking by the age of eighteen (18) are almost twice as likely to become lifetime smokers as those who start after they turn twenty-one (21);
(g) Electronic smoking device use among minors has tripled recently, and use of electronic smoking devices is associated with and may encourage the use of conventional tobacco products;
(h) Ninety percent (90%) of all adults who purchase tobacco products for minors are between the ages of eighteen (18) and twenty (20);
(i) In 2015, the Institute of Medicine concluded that raising the minimum legal sales age for tobacco products nationwide will reduce tobacco initiation, particularly among adolescents aged fifteen (15) to seventeen (17), improve health across the lifespan, and save lives, and that raising the minimum legal sales age for tobacco products nationwide to twenty-one (21) would, over time, lead to a twelve percent (12%) decrease in smoking prevalence;
(j) The Institute of Medicine also predicts that raising the minimum legal sales age for tobacco products nationwide to twenty-one (21) would result in two hundred twenty-three thousand (223,000) fewer premature deaths, fifty thousand (50,000) fewer deaths from lung cancer, and 4.2 million fewer years of life lost for those born between 2000 and 2019, and also would result in near immediate reductions in preterm birth, low birth weight, and sudden infant death syndrome;
(k) A growing number of states and local governments have enacted "Minimum Legal Sale Age of 21" (MLSA 21) laws to further restrict access to tobacco, and these regulations can be effective;
(l) Three-fourths of adults favor raising the minimum legal sale age for tobacco products to twenty-one (21), including seven (7) in ten (10) smokers;
(m) The financial impact of tobacco MLSA 21 laws on retailers is likely to be minimal, decreasing tobacco sales by only two percent (2%); and
(n) Raising the minimum age to purchase tobacco products is consistent with raising the legal drinking age to twenty-one (21), which led to reduced alcohol use and dependence among youth and contributed to the decline in drunk driving fatalities.
(2) The Legislature declares that the purpose of this act is to reduce tobacco use by keeping tobacco products out of the hands of young people.
SECTION 3. Definitions. As used in Sections 1 through 9 of this act, the following words and phrases have the meanings ascribed in this section unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:
(a) "Distribute" or "distribution" means to furnish, give, provide, or to attempt to do so, whether gratuitously or for any type of compensation.
(b) "Distributor" means a person who distributes a tobacco product.
(c) "Electronic smoking device" means any device that can be used to deliver aerosolized or vaporized nicotine to the person inhaling from the device, including, but not limited to, an e-cigarette, e-cigar, e-pipe, vape pen or e-hookah. "Electronic smoking device" includes any component, part, or accessory of such a device, whether or not sold separately, and includes any substance intended to be aerosolized or vaporized during the use of the device. "Electronic smoking device" does not include drugs, devices, or combination products authorized for sale by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, as those terms are defined in the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act.
(d) "Person" means any natural person, partnership, joint venture, society, club, trustee, trust, association, organization, or corporation, or any officer, agent, employee, factor, or any other personal representative thereof, in any capacity.
(e) "Recipient" means any person who obtains or attempts to obtain a tobacco product.
(f) "Tobacco product" means any product that is made from or derived from tobacco which is intended for human consumption or is likely to be consumed, whether smoked, heated, chewed, absorbed, dissolved, inhaled or ingested by any other means, including, but not limited to, a cigarette, a cigar, pipe tobacco, chewing tobacco, snuff, snus, or an electronic smoking device. The term includes any component or accessory used in the consumption of a tobacco product, such as filters, rolling papers, pipes, or liquids used in electronic smoking devices. "Tobacco product" does not include drugs, devices, or combination products authorized for sale by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, as those terms are defined in the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act.
SECTION 4. Minimum legal sales age for tobacco products.
The sale or distribution of any tobacco product to a person under the age of twenty-one (21) is prohibited.
SECTION 5. Age verification. Before distributing any tobacco product, the distributor must verify that the recipient is at least twenty-one (21) years of age. Each distributor shall examine the recipient's government-issued photographic identification. No such verification is required for a person over the age of thirty (30). The fact that a recipient appeared to be thirty (30) years of age or older does not constitute a defense to a violation of this section.
SECTION 6. Signage. A person may not sell or permit the sale of tobacco products in the State of Mississippi unless a clearly visible notice is posted at the location where tobacco products are available for purchase, which notice must state "No person under the age of twenty-one (21) may purchase tobacco products," legibly printed in letters at least one-half (1/2) inch high.
SECTION 7. Enforcement. The State Department of Health or its authorized designee may conduct random, unannounced inspections at locations where tobacco products are distributed to test and ensure compliance with this act.
SECTION 8. Penalties. (1) In general. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (2) of this section, any person who violates this act must be fined not less than Three Hundred Dollars ($300.00) for the first offense, not less than Six Hundred Dollars ($600.00) for the second offense, and not less than One Thousand Dollars ($1,000.00) for each offense thereafter. Each violation, and every day in which a violation occurs, constitutes a separate violation.
(2) Violations by minors. Any person under the age of twenty-one (21) who violates Section 5 of this act must be fined Ten Dollars ($10.00) for the first offense, and Fifty Dollars ($50.00) for each offense thereafter, no part of which may be suspended, or the person may be required to perform not less than forty-eight (48) hours nor more than seventy-two (72) hours of community service during the hours when the person is not employed and is not attending school.
SECTION 9. Exceptions and defenses. (1) The penalties in this act do not apply to a person younger than twenty-one (21) years old who purchases or attempts to purchase tobacco products while under the direct supervision of employees of a state agency for training, education, research, or enforcement purposes.
(2) This act does not prohibit a person under the age of twenty-one (21) from handling tobacco products in the course of lawful employment.
(3) It is an affirmative defense to a violation of this act for a person to have reasonably relied on proof of age as described by state law.
SECTION 10. Section 97-32-5, Mississippi Code of 1972, is amended as follows:
97-32-5. It shall be
unlawful for any person, or retailer, to sell, barter, deliver or give tobacco
products to any individual under * * * twenty-one (21) years of
age unless the individual under * * * twenty-one (21) years of
age holds a retailer's license to sell tobacco under Section 27-69-1 et seq. * * *
It shall be an absolute
affirmative defense that the person selling, bartering, delivering or giving
tobacco products over the counter in a retail establishment to an individual
under * * *
twenty-one (21) years of age in violation of this article had requested
and examined a government-issued photographic identification from such person
establishing his age as at least * * * twenty-one (21) years
prior to selling such person a tobacco product. The failure of a seller,
barterer, deliverer or giver of tobacco products over the counter in a retail
establishment to request and examine photographic identification from a person
under * * *
twenty-one (21) years of age prior to the sale of a tobacco product to
such person if the individual is not known to the seller, barterer, deliverer
or giver of the tobacco product to be over the age of * * * twenty-one (21) years,
shall be construed against the seller, barterer, deliverer or giver and form a
conclusive basis for the seller's violation of this section.
It shall be an absolute
affirmative defense that the person or entity giving tobacco products through
the mail to an individual under * * * twenty-one (21) years of
age in violation of this article had requested and received documentary or
written evidence from such person purportedly establishing his age to be at
least * * *
twenty-one (21) years of age.
Any person who violates this section shall be liable as follows: For a first conviction, a fine of Fifty Dollars ($50.00); for a second conviction, a fine of Seventy-five Dollars ($75.00); and for all subsequent convictions, a fine of One Hundred Fifty Dollars ($150.00) shall be imposed.
Any person found in violation of this section shall be issued a citation and the holder of the retailer permit shall be sent notification of this citation by registered mail by the law enforcement agency issuing the citation. Notification shall include the opportunity for hearing before the appropriate court. For a first conviction, the retailer shall be sent a warning letter informing him of the retailer's responsibility in the selling of tobacco products. For a second conviction, the retailer, or retailer's designee, shall be required to enroll in and complete a "Retailer Tobacco Education Program."
For a third or subsequent
violation of this section by any retailer, within one (1) year of the two (2)
prior violations, any retailer's permit issued pursuant to Section 27-69-1 et
seq. * * * may be revoked or suspended for a period of at least
one (1) year after notice and opportunity for hearing. If * * * the permit is revoked by the * * * Department of Revenue,
the retailer may not reapply for a permit to sell tobacco for a period of six
(6) months. For the purposes of this section, "subsequent
violations" are those committed at the same place of business.
It is the responsibility of all law enforcement officers and law enforcement agencies of this state to ensure that the provisions of this article are enforced.
It shall not be considered a
violation of this section on the part of any law enforcement officer or person
under * * *
twenty-one (21) years of age for any law enforcement officer of this
state to use persons under * * * twenty-one (21) years of
age to purchase or attempt to purchase tobacco products for the purpose of
monitoring compliance with this section, as long as those persons are
supervised by duly authorized law enforcement agency officials.
Any law enforcement agency
conducting enforcement efforts undertaken pursuant to this article shall
prepare a report as prescribed by the Attorney General which includes the
number of unannounced inspections conducted by the agency, a summary of
enforcement actions taken pursuant to this article, the name and permit number
of the retailer pursuant to Section 27-69-1 et seq., * * * and final judicial
disposition on all enforcement actions. Reports shall be forwarded to the
Office of the Attorney General within twenty (20) working days of the final
judicial disposition.
On notification from local
law enforcement that a retailer has violated this article so as to warrant a
revocation of the retailer's permit, the Attorney General shall notify in
writing the * * * Department of Revenue within twenty (20) working
days.
In accordance with the
procedures of Section 27-69-9, * * * the * * * Department of Revenue
shall initiate revocation procedures of the retailer's permit. The Office of
the Attorney General shall provide legal assistance in revocation procedures
when requested by the * * * Department of Revenue.
SECTION 11. Section 97-32-7, Mississippi Code of 1972, is amended as follows:
97-32-7. (1) Every person engaged in the business of selling tobacco products at retail shall notify each individual employed by that person as a retail sales clerk that state law:
(a) Prohibits the sale
or distribution of tobacco products, including samples, to any person under * * * twenty-one (21) years of
age and the purchase or receipt of tobacco products by any person under * * * twenty-one (21) years of
age * * *;
and
(b) Requires that
proof of age be demanded from a prospective purchaser or recipient if the
prospective purchaser or recipient is under the age of * * * twenty-one years. Every
person employed by a person engaged in the business of selling tobacco products
at retail shall sign an agreement with his employer in substantially the
following or similar form:
"I understand that
state * * *
law prohibits the sale or distribution of tobacco products to persons
under the age of * * * twenty-one (21) years and out-of-package sales, and requires
that proof of age be demanded from a prospective purchaser or recipient under * * * twenty-one (21) years of
age if the individual is not known to the seller, barterer, deliverer or giver
of the tobacco product to be over the age of * * * twenty-one (21) years. I
promise, as a condition of my employment, to observe this law."
(2) Any person violating the provisions of this section shall be penalized not less than Fifty Dollars ($50.00) nor more than One Hundred Dollars ($100.00).
(3) No retailer who instructs his employee as provided in this section shall be liable for any violations committed by such employees.
SECTION 12. Section 97-32-9, Mississippi Code of 1972, is amended as follows:
97-32-9. No person under * * * twenty-one (21) years of
age shall purchase any tobacco product. No student of any high school, junior
high school or elementary school shall possess tobacco on any educational
property as defined in Section 97-37-17.
(a) If a person under * * * twenty-one (21) years of
age is found by a court to be in violation of any other statute and is also
found to be in possession of a tobacco product, the court may order the * * * person to perform up to three (3)
hours of community service, in addition to any other punishment imposed by the
court.
(b) A violation under
this section is not to be recorded on the criminal history of the * * * person and, upon proof of
satisfaction of the court's order, the record shall be expunged from any
records other than youth court records.
SECTION 13. Section 97-32-11, Mississippi Code of 1972, is amended as follows:
97-32-11. Point of sale
warning signs are required, and each seller shall place and maintain in legible
condition, at each point of sale of tobacco products to consumers, a sign no
smaller than eight and one-half (8-1/2) by eleven (11) inches or ninety-three
(93) square inches stating: "STATE LAW PROHIBITS THE SALE OF TOBACCO
PRODUCTS TO PERSONS UNDER THE AGE OF * * * 21 YEARS. PROOF OF AGE
REQUIRED."
Any person who violates this section shall be punished by a penalty of not more than One Hundred Dollars ($100.00).
SECTION 14. Section 97-32-13, Mississippi Code of 1972, is amended as follows:
97-32-13. Any person under
the age of * * * twenty-one (21) years who falsely states he is * * * twenty-one (21) years of
age or older, or presents any document that indicates he is * * * twenty-one (21) years of
age or older, for the purpose of purchasing or possessing any tobacco or
tobacco product shall be penalized not less than Twenty-five Dollars ($25.00)
nor more than Two Hundred Dollars ($200.00) or required to complete at least
thirty (30) days community service, or both.
SECTION 15. Section 97-32-15, Mississippi Code of 1972, is amended as follows:
97-32-15. It shall be
unlawful for any person to sell tobacco products through a vending machine,
unless the vending machine is located in an establishment to which individuals
under the age of * * * twenty-one (21) years are denied access or are required
to be accompanied by an adult. A person who violates this section shall be
punished by a penalty of not more than Two Hundred Fifty Dollars ($250.00).
SECTION 16. Section 97-32-21, Mississippi Code of 1972, is amended as follows:
97-32-21. The Office of the
Attorney General or local law enforcement agencies shall at least annually
conduct random, unannounced inspections at locations where tobacco products are
sold or distributed to ensure compliance with the Mississippi Juvenile
Tobacco * * *
Access Prevention Act of 1997. Persons under the age of * * * twenty-one (21) years may
be enlisted by the Office of the Attorney General or local law enforcement to
test compliance with the Mississippi Juvenile Tobacco Access Prevention Act of
1997, provided that if the person is a minor, the parent or legal
guardian of the * * * minor has given prior written consent for the
minor's participation in unannounced inspections. The Office of the Attorney
General must prepare a report of the findings, and report these findings to the
Department of Health and Department of Mental Health. The Department of Mental
Health shall prepare the annual report required by Section 1926, subpart 1 of
Part B, Title XIX of the Federal Public Health Service Act (42 USCS 300X-26).
The report shall be approved by the Governor and then promptly transmitted to
the Secretary of the United States Department of Health and Human Services.
SECTION 17. Section 97-32-27, Mississippi Code of 1972, is amended as follows:
97-32-27. (1)
"Adult" means any natural person at least * * * twenty-one (21) years old.
(2) "Minor" means
any natural person under the age of * * * twenty-one (21) years.
(3) "Person" means any natural person.
(4) "Tobacco product" means any substance that contains tobacco, including, but not limited to, cigarettes, cigars, pipes, snuff, smoking tobacco or smokeless tobacco.
(5) "Educational property" means any public school building or bus, public school campus, grounds, recreational area, athletic field or other property owned, used or operated by any local school board, school or directors for the administration of any public educational institution or during a school-related activity; provided, however, that the term "educational property" shall not include any sixteenth section school land or lieu land on which is not located a public school building, public school campus, public school recreational area or public school athletic field. Educational property shall not include property owned or operated by the state institutions of higher learning, the public community and junior colleges, or vocational-technical complexes where only adult students are in attendance.
SECTION 18. Section 97-32-51, Mississippi Code of 1972, is amended as follows:
97-32-51. (1) For the purposes of this section:
(a) (i) "Alternative nicotine product" means:
1. An electronic cigarette; or
2. Any other product that consists of or contains nicotine that can be ingested into the body by chewing, smoking, absorbing, dissolving, inhaling or by any other means.
(ii) Alternative nicotine product does not include:
1. A cigarette or other tobacco product as defined in Section 97-32-3;
2. A product that is a drug under 21 USCS 321(g)(1);
3. A product that is a device under 21 USCS 321(h); or
4. A combination product described in 21 USCS 353(g).
(b) (i) "Electronic cigarette" means an electronic product or device that produces a vapor that delivers nicotine or other substances to the person inhaling from the device to simulate smoking, and is likely to be offered to, or purchased by, consumers as an electronic cigarette, electronic cigar, electronic cigarillo or electronic pipe.
(ii) Electronic cigarette does not include:
1. A cigarette or other tobacco products as defined in Section 97-32-3;
2. A product that is a drug under 21 USCS 321(g)(1);
3. A product that is a device under 21 USCS 321(h); or
4. A combination product described in 21 USCS 353(g).
(2) No person, either
directly or indirectly by an agent or employee, or by a vending machine owned
by the person or located in the person's establishment, shall sell, offer for
sale, give or furnish any alternative nicotine product, or any cartridge or
component of an alternative nicotine product, to an individual under * * * twenty-one (21) years of
age. A violation of this subsection is punishable as follows:
(a) By a fine of Fifty Dollars ($50.00) for a first offense;
(b) By a fine of Seventy-five Dollars ($75.00) for a second offense; and
(c) By a fine of One Hundred Dollars ($100.00) for a third or subsequent offense.
(3) Before selling,
offering for sale, giving or furnishing an alternative nicotine product, or any
cartridge or component of an alternative nicotine product to an individual, a
person shall verify that the individual is at least * * * twenty-one (21) years of age by:
(a) Examining from any
individual that appears to be under twenty-seven (27) years of age a government-issued
photographic identification that establishes the individual is at
least * * * twenty-one (21) years of age; or
(b) For sales made
through the Internet or other remote sales methods, performing an age
verification through an independent, third-party age verification service that
compares information available from public records to the personal information
entered by the individual during the ordering process that
establishes the individual is * * * twenty-one (21) years of age or older.
SECTION 19. This act shall take effect and be in force from and after July 1, 2019.