House Bill 1114

AN ACT TO AMEND SECTION 21-19-11, MISSISSIPPI CODE OF 1972, TO AUTHORIZE THE GOVERNING AUTHORITY OF ANY MUNICIPALITY WITH A POPULATION IN EXCESS OF 25,000 TO CLEAN MENACED PROPERTY THAT IS ONE ACRE OR LESS IF THE COSTS OF THE CLEANING DOES NOT EXCEED $250.00; TO PROVIDE THAT THE DETERMINATION OF WHETHER THE PROPERTY IS A MENACE SHALL BE MADE BY A MUNICIPAL OFFICER OR OFFICIAL WHO IS EMPOWERED TO MAKE SUCH DETERMINATION BY THE GOVERNING AUTHORITY; TO REQUIRE THE MUNICIPALITY TO PROVIDE CERTAIN NOTICE TO THE PROPERTY OWNER BEFORE THE CLEANING MAY BE COMMENCED; TO PROVIDE THAT THE CLEANING OF THE PROPERTY MAY BECOME A CIVIL DEBT AGAINST THE PROPERTY OWNER, AND/OR, AT THE OPTION OF THE GOVERNING AUTHORITY, AN ASSESSMENT AGAINST THE PROPERTY; TO AUTHORIZE SUBSEQUENT CLEANING OF MENACED PROPERTY, WITHIN A CERTAIN TIME FRAME, BY A MUNICIPALITY AFTER A DETERMINATION IS MADE BY A MUNICIPAL OFFICER OR OFFICIAL THAT SUCH CLEANING IS NEEDED AND AFTER CERTAIN NOTICE IS PROVIDED TO THE PROPERTY OWNER; TO PROVIDE THAT THE EXPENSE OF CLEANING MENACED PROPERTY SHALL NOT EXCEED AN AGGREGATE AMOUNT OF $1,000.00; TO PROVIDE THE APPEALS PROCESS CONCERNING THE DECISION OF A MUNICIPAL OFFICER OR OFFICIAL REGARDING THE PROPERTY; AND FOR RELATED PURPOSES.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF MISSISSIPPI:

SECTION 1. Section 21-19-11, Mississippi Code of 1972, is amended as follows:

21-19-11. (1) To determine whether property or parcel of land located within a municipality is in such a state of uncleanliness as to be a menace to the public health, safety and welfare of the community, a governing authority of any municipality shall conduct a hearing, on its own motion, or upon the receipt of a petition signed by a majority of the residents residing within four hundred (400) feet of any property or parcel of land alleged to be in need of the cleaning. Notice shall be provided to the property owner by:

(a) United States mail two (2) weeks before the date of the hearing mailed to the address of the subject property and to the address where the ad valorem tax notice for such property is sent by the office charged with collecting ad valorem tax; and

(b) Posting notice for at least two (2) weeks before the date of a hearing on the property or parcel of land alleged to be in need of cleaning and at city hall or another place in the municipality where such notices are posted.

Any notice required by this section shall include language that informs the property owner that an adjudication at the hearing that the property or parcel of land is in need of cleaning will authorize the municipality to reenter the property or parcel of land for a period of one (1) year after final adjudication without any further hearing if notice is posted on the property or parcel of land and at city hall or another place in the municipality where such notices are generally posted at least seven (7) days before the property or parcel of land is reentered for cleaning. A copy of the required notice mailed and posted as required by this section shall be recorded in the minutes of the governing authority in conjunction with the hearing required by this section.

If, at such hearing, the governing authority shall adjudicate the property or parcel of land in its then condition to be a menace to the public health, safety and welfare of the community, the governing authority, if the owner does not do so himself, shall proceed to clean the land, by the use of municipal employees or by contract, by cutting grass and weeds; filling cisterns; removing rubbish, abandoned or dilapidated fences, outside toilets, abandoned or dilapidated buildings, slabs, personal property, which removal of personal property shall not be subject to the provisions of Section 21-39-21, and other debris; and draining cesspools and standing water therefrom. The governing authority may by resolution adjudicate the actual cost of cleaning the property and may also impose a penalty not to exceed One Thousand Five Hundred Dollars ($1,500.00) or fifty percent (50%) of the actual cost, whichever is more. The cost and any penalty may become a civil debt against the property owner, and/or, at the option of the governing authority, an assessment against the property. The "cost assessed against the property" means either the cost to the municipality of using its own employees to do the work or the cost to the municipality of any contract executed by the municipality to have the work done, and administrative costs and legal costs of the municipality. For subsequent cleaning within the one-year period after the date of the hearing at which the property or parcel of land was adjudicated in need of cleaning, upon seven (7) days' notice posted both on the property or parcel of land adjudicated in need of cleaning and at city hall or another place in the municipality where such notices are generally posted, and consistent with the municipality's adjudication as authorized in this subsection (1), a municipality may reenter the property or parcel of land to maintain cleanliness without further notice or hearing no more than six (6) times in any twelve-month period with respect to removing abandoned or dilapidated buildings, slabs, dilapidated fences and outside toilets, and no more than twelve (12) times in any twenty-four-month period with respect to cutting grass and weeds and removing rubbish, personal property and other debris on the land, and the expense of cleaning of the property, except as otherwise provided in this section for removal of hazardous substances, shall not exceed an aggregate amount of Twenty Thousand Dollars ($20,000.00) per year, or the fair market value of the property subsequent to cleaning, whichever is more. The aggregate cost of removing hazardous substances will be the actual cost of such removal to the municipality and shall not be subject to the Twenty Thousand Dollar ($20,000.00) limitation provided in this subsection. The governing authority may assess the same penalty for each time the property or land is cleaned as otherwise provided in this section. The penalty provided herein shall not be assessed against the State of Mississippi upon request for reimbursement under Section 29-1-145, nor shall a municipality clean a parcel owned by the State of Mississippi without first giving notice.

(2) (a) When the cost to clean property or a parcel of land that is one (1) acre or less and located within a municipality having a population in excess of twenty-five thousand (25,000) shall not exceed Two Hundred Fifty Dollars ($250.00) (exclusive of administrative costs), the governing authority of such municipality may authorize or empower one or more of its municipal officers or officials to make a determination whether the property or a parcel of land is in such a state of uncleanliness as to be a menace to the public health, safety and welfare of the community and such a determination made by the appropriate officer or official shall be set forth and recorded in the minutes of the governing authority. Notice of this determination shall be provided to the property owner by:
(i) United States mail seven (7) days before the date of cleaning of the property or parcel of land mailed to the address of the subject property and to the address where the ad valorem tax notice for such property is sent by the office charged with collecting ad valorem tax; and

(ii) Posting notice for at least seven (7) days before the cleaning of the property or parcel of land at city hall or another place in the municipality where such notices are posted.

(b) Any notice required by this subsection shall include language that informs the property owner that the appropriate municipal officer or official has determined that the property or parcel of land is a menace to the public health, safety and welfare of the community and in need of cleaning and the municipality is authorized to enter the property for cleaning and that the municipality is further authorized to reenter the property or parcel of land for a period of one (1) year after this cleaning without any further hearing or action if notice is posted on the property or parcel of land and at city hall or another place in the municipality where such notices are generally posted at least seven (7) days before the property or parcel of land is reentered for cleaning. A copy of the required notice mailed and posted, as required by this subsection, shall be recorded in the minutes of the governing authority in conjunction with the determination made by the municipal official in this subsection (2).

(c) If an appropriate municipal officer or official determines that the condition of property or parcel of land is a menace to the public health, safety and welfare of the community, the governing authority, if the owner does not do so himself, shall proceed to clean the land, by the use of municipal employees or by contract, by cutting grass and weeds; filling cisterns; removing rubbish, abandoned or dilapidated fences, outside toilets, abandoned or dilapidated buildings, slabs, personal property, which removal of personal property shall not be subject to the provisions of Section 21-39-21, and other debris; and draining cesspools and standing water therefrom. The governing authority shall by resolution adjudicate the actual cost of cleaning the property under this provision, provided the same does not exceed Two Hundred Fifty Dollars ($250.00). The cost may become a civil debt against the property owner, and/or, at the option of the governing authority, an assessment against the property. The "cost assessed against the property" means either the cost to the municipality of using its own employees to do the work or the cost to the municipality of any contract executed by the municipality to have the work done, and additionally may include administrative costs of the municipality not to exceed Fifty Dollars ($50.00). For subsequent cleaning within the one-year period set forth in this subsection (2), upon seven (7) days' notice posted both on the property or parcel of land adjudicated in need of cleaning and at city hall or another place in the municipality where such notices are generally posted, and consistent with the municipal officer's or official's determination, as authorized in this subsection (2), a municipality may reenter the property or parcel of land to maintain cleanliness without further notice or hearing under this subsection (2) no more than six (6) times in any twelve-month period with respect to removing abandoned or dilapidated buildings, slabs, dilapidated fences and outside toilets, and no more than twelve (12) times in any twenty-four-month period with respect to cutting grass and weeds and removing rubbish, personal property and other debris on the land, and the expense of cleaning of the property shall not exceed an aggregate amount of One Thousand Dollars ($1,000.00) per year under this subsection (2). The governing authority may assess the same penalty for each time the property or land is cleaned as otherwise provided in this subsection (2). The penalty provided in this subsection shall not be assessed against the State of Mississippi upon request for reimbursement under Section 29-1-145, nor shall a municipality clean a parcel owned by the State of Mississippi without first giving notice. A determination made by an appropriate municipal officer or official under this subsection (2) that the state or condition of property or a parcel of land is a menace to the public health, safety and welfare of the community shall not subsequently be used to replace a hearing if subsection (1) of this section is later utilized by a municipality when the prerequisites of subsection (2) are not satisfied.

( * * *23) If the governing authority declares, by resolution, that the cost and any penalty shall be collected as a civil debt, the governing authority may authorize the institution of a suit on open account against the owner of the property in a court of competent jurisdiction in the manner provided by law for the cost and any penalty, plus court costs, reasonable attorney's fees and interest from the date that the property was cleaned.

( * * *34) (a) If the governing authority declares that the cost and any penalty shall be collected as an assessment against the property, then the assessment above provided for shall be a lien against the property and may be enrolled in the office of the circuit clerk of the county as other judgments are enrolled, and the tax collector of the municipality shall, upon order of the board of governing authorities, proceed to sell the land to satisfy the lien as now provided by law for the sale of lands for delinquent municipal taxes. The lien against the property shall be an encumbrance upon the property and shall follow title of the property.

(b) (i) All assessments levied under the provisions of this section shall be included with municipal ad valorem taxes and payment shall be enforced in the same manner in which payment is enforced for municipal ad valorem taxes, and all statutes regulating the collection of other taxes in a municipality shall apply to the enforcement and collection of the assessments levied under the provisions of this section, including utilization of the procedures authorized under Sections 17-13-9(2) and 27-41-2.

(ii) All assessments levied under the provisions of this section shall become delinquent at the same time municipal ad valorem taxes become delinquent. Delinquencies shall be collected in the same manner and at the same time delinquent ad valorem taxes are collected and shall bear the same penalties as those provided for delinquent taxes. If the property is sold for the nonpayment of an assessment under this section, it shall be sold in the manner that property is sold for the nonpayment of delinquent ad valorem taxes. If the property is sold for delinquent ad valorem taxes, the assessment under this section shall be added to the delinquent tax and collected at the same time and in the same manner.

( * * *45) All decisions rendered under the provisions of this section may be appealed in the same manner as other appeals from municipal boards or courts are taken; provided, that an appeal from a decision of a municipal officer or official shall be made to the governing authority and such appeal shall be in writing, and shall state the basis for the appeal, and be filed with the city clerk no later than seven (7) days from the latest date of notice required for such appeal.

( * * *56) Nothing contained under this section shall prevent any municipality from enacting criminal penalties for failure to maintain property so as not to constitute a menace to public health, safety and welfare.

SECTION 2. This act shall take effect and be in force from and after July 1, 2018.